An independent Chiropractic Assessment is an evaluation of conditions related to the spine and joints and the effect of any dysfunctions or disorders on the nervous system (i.e. low back, shoulder and knee pain). It involves a detailed review of documentation, history, as well as, a physical examination that includes range of motion, joint movement testing, gait analysis, and postural, orthopaedic, and neurological assessments to help determine whether an impairment is present. Findings pertaining to any musculoskeletal injury, within the scope of chiropractic, would then be examined to ascertain if the impairment is attributable to the incident in question and whether it poses functional limitations. Results of the examination are documented in a formal report that outlines the nature and extent of the injury while also opining on the reasonableness and necessity of various treatment proposals from treating chiropractors and physiotherapists.